1.5% Buyer Penalty to Help the Economy

What kind of incentive are Fannie and Freddie offering to help build buyer confidence and stimulate the economy? How about a 3/4% penalty charge for buyers with good credit that don't have 25% down payments! If your credit is under 700 try a 1.5% penalty. While I realize they are trying to cover their tail from future property value tailspins, it seems to me there needs a solution which will not prevent buyers from buying especially good credit candidates. The risk could be underwritten with perhaps a lesser penalty charged to these buyers. Some lenders are fighting this ridiculous amended clause, but unless more people are aware of this there will not be any change.

This article was posted on the NAHB e-letter I receive and I wanted to share the absurdity with my bloggers.

There are alternatives such as FHA but those come with great limitations. It is getting a little crazy out there and you need to be aware.

As of April 1, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are increasing the delivery fees they charge lenders based on FICO scores, downpayment amounts and other loan characteristics. Most major lenders already are pricing in these higher fees, effectively raising costs to borrowers immediately. Lenders can pass these fees on to the consumer in the form of higher interest rates rather than as an upfront charge. Under the new guidelines, even applicants who assumed that their FICO credit scores would get them favorable rates will be charged more unless they can come up with downpayments of 30% or more.

For example, a buyer with a 699 FICO score who brings a sizable downpayment of about 25% to the table will be hit with a 1.5% delivery fee at closing under the new guidelines. A buyer with a FICO score between 700 and 720 will pay an extra three-quarters of a point. Even someone with a 739 FICO — once considered a platinum guarantee of the best rates available — will get dinged with a quarter-point add-on. Condominium buyers who cannot come up with a 25% downpayment will be hit with a three-quarter point add-on penalty, no matter how high their credit score — simply because they are not purchasing a traditional detached, stand-alone house. Without congressional intervention or new marching orders from the companies’ regulator, the add-on fees are here to stay. But there’s an alternative available for just about anyone who wants to avoid the fees: Federal Housing Administration mortgages, where downpayments go as low as 3.5% and credit scores are not an issue for most applicants. (www.washingtonpost.com)
Washington Post (2/14/09); Kenneth R. Harney

When is a Buyers Market a Buyers Market?

The news stories these days are scary. If you start to separate out the fact from the fiction or fear, you can begin to make an educated decision about what makes economic sense buyers you when making their next home purchase.

Keep your eye on those interest rates NOT the property prices. They will have more long term impact on your home buying power.

"The thing that will make home prices stop falling is the very same thing that will push mortgage rates higher," says Jim Svinth, chief economist at mortgage firm Lending Tree. "So anything you gain by a further drop in prices might be offset by rising financing costs."

Rather than being concerned about the what-ifs, I'd suggest focusing more on the what-wills: The interest rates will continue to climb (which is an inevitable outcome from an economy such as ours) to head off inflationary pressures which is a reason Bernanke will not likely cut the Fed Rate again - in order to keep inflation in check.

Since January 24th, mortgage rates have climbed 0.6% which is the fastest increase in two decades and rates should continue to rise. That increase in mortgage rates is the same effect as a property losing 5% of its value! That means if you were able to afford a $600,000 home, now you would be limited to $570,000. Look at the numbers on the enclosed sheet and let's talk about why they call it a buyers market. Because rates are still historically low (but rising) and that is what will have the most impact on getting the best deal on a home.

Experts who specialize in macroeconomics know that rates will raise and so will the cost to own the longer you wait.

Hold the Press. Are Rates that Low?

Syndicated columnist, Lou Barnes has hit the nail on the head regarding how inflated media coverage of the current downclick in rate adjustments have been and how I as a realtor have to coach my clients about how the Feds rate reduction really has no major effect on mortgage rates but more so on short term interest rates like car loans, home equity loans and credit card loans.

Rates have dropped a bit but they are back up to 5.75% and my advice is still to wait and see on the refi decision after more economic news is seen and if you've got a place your interested in purchasing and the loan calculations are within your comfortable means then by all means, make that purchase.

Here is the full article from Inman News:

Commentary: Average rates on mortgages unchanged in recent surveys

Friday, February 01, 2008

By Lou Barnes

Contrary to the conviction of deeply confused civilians and reports by lazy news media, mortgage rates are unchanged, about 5.75 percent for the lowest-fee 30-year paper.
If you don't believe me, visit http://www.freddiemac.com/ and its weekly survey. It is unbiased by sales jive, although it suffers from "survey lag" (early-week data released on Thursdays always misses real-time reality), and assumes a fractional origination fee. Last week's "5.48 percent" captured the one-day hysterical bottom when the industry could not log onto rate-lock Web sites. Yesterday's "5.68 percent plus 0.4 percent origination" is still about right, and all but identical to the prior week's "5.69 percent plus 0.5 percent."

Yet, the media refer constantly to "dramatically lower mortgage rates." They are better, but ... drama? Freddie's average for the whole of 2007 was 6.34 percent. A half-percent drop is nice for buyers, and a help to a few refinancers, but no fire sale.

"How can it be the same ... !?!" says the client, after a cumulative 1.25 percent cut at the Fed in only eight days? Answers follow.

Brand-new January economic data are not that bad. They're not bad enough to justify the Fed's panic, let alone to anticipate more cuts. Payroll growth slipped to flat in January (negative 17,000 is within the huge range of error and revision), unemployment down to 4.9 percent in a workforce statistical quirk -- soft, but hardly a recession. The purchasing managers reported their first gain in six months, likewise soft, but with persistent strength in foreign orders. Fourth-quarter GDP grew by a mere 0.6 percent; however, aside from a temporary drawdown of business, inventories grew at 2 percent.

The Fed's form is disturbing to long-term investors. Central banking is not figure skating, but Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke has departed his predecessor's 17 years of gradualism for lurching on the rink. A Fed that will lurch down will lurch up.

Investors bought long Treasurys and mortgages at these levels 2002-2004 because former Fed Chairman Alan Greenspan said after every meeting into 2006: Excessive monetary stimulus most likely will be "removed at a measured pace." Translation: You're safe for now, and we'll give you time to get out before we kill you.
In those late Greenspan years, deflation was the problem. Today, inflation is rising all over the world: Australia at a 16-year-high of 3.8 percent core; Europe at a 14-year-high of 3.2 percent; U.K. at 2.6 percent core; China at 6 percent-plus; and an economy completely out of control beginning to export inflation to us.

Loan Rates Fall again

Loan rates for residential mortgages are down again as the economy continues to put pressure on the downward trend for fixed loan rates. The questions I am hearing from my clients is should I refinance or should we wait to buy. The answer I am telling people is rates should remain flat and continue on the downward trend pending of course good economic news (something we haven't seen in a while nor will in my opinion). If however, the stock market continues to get slammed then perhaps investors will be shifting their money to bonds and we can see a weakening of these historically low interest rates.

Waiting to refinance is probably a safer bet, but waiting to purchase in order to capture an 1/8-1/4 points on a loan is possible if you're not in any hurry but look at where the rates are right now! Really really low. If you're out looking at properties and see a glut of properties fitting your wish list then waiting is a consideration, however, if the area you are looking does not have a large selection I would say continue the search and when the property comes along that looks good, put in an offer and secure those low rates now. I don't think we will see the rates going below 5.0% unless the recession which is looming becomes a certainty.

Long-term mortgage interest rates continued lower Friday, and the benchmark 10-year Treasury bond yield held steady at 3.59 percent.

The 30-year fixed-rate average dipped to 5.47 percent, and the 15-year fixed rate slipped to 4.95 percent. The 1-year adjustable rate sank to 5.1 percent.

The 30-year Treasury bond yield was down at 4.31 percent

January Loan Rates Dropping

Long-term mortgage interest rates continued to fall Tuesday, and the benchmark 10-year Treasury bond yield dipped to 3.78 percent.

The 30-year fixed-rate average sank to 5.55 percent, and the 15-year fixed rate slid to 5.06 percent. The 1-year adjustable rate, however, was up at 5.34 percent.

My recommendations are still to secure a 30 year loan since the margin continues to shrink between the fixed and adjustable rate mortgages.

The 30-year Treasury bond yield slipped to 4.31 percent.

Sub Prime Bailout

As many of you have probably heard, the Federal government has implemented a policy which would give an estimated 1.2 million homeowners out there an extention on their 'teaser rate' loans which are scheduled to go up in the next 6 months.

These rates would be locked or up to five years pending a rebound in the economy and an improvement in the housing industry in general.

It is an interesting yet controversial move because some feel it is only a bandaid and that this may postpone the foreclosure situation until the next administration.

Time will tell.

Here is an article from Inman news on the topic:

Administration, lenders defend rate freeze plan

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Backers say up to 1.2 million loans eligible for refis, workouts
Thursday, December 06, 2007

By Matt Carter
Inman News


A plan to refinance or freeze the interest rates on up to 1.2 million subprime adjustable-rate mortgages for five years is not a "silver bullet" solution for all homeowners, but will help reduce the impact of the housing downturn on the economy and communities affected by foreclosures, Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson said Thursday.

Paulson was the point man as the Bush administration rolled out a much-anticipated agreement with mortgage lenders and loan servicers in the face of criticism not only from consumer advocates -- some say it won't help enough borrowers -- but warnings from some in the lending industry who said an interest rate freeze could discourage investors from financing future loans.

The agreement has the backing of the American Securitization Forum, which represents companies that issue mortgage backed securities, as well as investors, loan servicers and rating agencies. ASF Executive Director George Miller said the agreement provides a common framework to evaluate borrowers’ situations, and expedites processes for loan servicers to pursue refinancing and loan modification options on a more systematic basis.

The ASF today published a 34-page document outlining procedures for servicers to follow in streamlining refinancings or loan modifications on ARM loans that are scheduled to reset in the next 2 1/2 years.

Paulson said he hoped that the guidelines would be adopted as "customary standard practice across the entire servicing industry," because the current system would "not be sufficient" to handle the 1.8 million owner-occupied subprime ARM resets expected in 2008 and 2009.

According to the framework, loans eligible for streamlined refinancing or modification such as an interest rate freeze must be ARM loans on owner-occupied homes originated between Jan. 1, 2005 and July 31, 2007, with an initial interest rate reset between Jan. 1, 2008 and July 31, 2010.

Under the guidelines, only borrowers with FICO scores less than 660 and facing an increase in monthly payments greater than 10 percent will be eligible for fast-track loan modifications. Borrowers who don't meet the "FICO test" may qualify for loan modifications after individual reviews of their current income and debt obligations.

Although the Bush administration says up to 1.2 million ARM loans may be eligible for refinancing or modifications, the Center for Responsible Lending, estimated that a much smaller number of families -- perhaps 145,000 -- will actually see any relief.

The administration's estimate is based on the belief that nearly two-thirds of the 1.8 million homeowners with subprime ARM loans facing interest rate resets in the next two years can afford their introductory rate, but won’t be able to afford higher payments after their loans reset.

But many subprime borrowers have second, "piggyback" mortgages that pose obstacles to loan modifications, CRL warned, and loan servicers will still have financial incentives to foreclose on loans, rather than engage in workouts.

"The plan relies on voluntary decisions by individual mortgage servicers and investors, (and) does not remove the strong financial and legal incentives servicers have to foreclose on loans rather than modify them," CRL said in a statement. "Recent experience shows that the likelihood of widespread modifications is small under this 'business as usual' approach."

CRL said Congress should also allow bankruptcy judges to modify the terms of mortgage loans for borrowers who file for Chapter 13 bankruptcy protection, saying it could prevent up to 600,000 foreclosures. The lending industry opposes pending legislation that would change the bankruptcy code to do just that, saying it would raise the cost of borrowing (see Inman News story).

The rating agency Standard & Poor's issued a report raising concerns that wholesale interest rate freezes on subprime ARM loans could force it to lower its ratings on subprime mortgage-backed securities (MBS). Such concerns have prompted others in the industry to warn that wholesale loan workouts will discourage investment in MBS, worsening the ongoing credit crunch.

Paulson said the plan, while not perfect, is part of a broader effort the Bush administration has undertaken to address the housing downturn. Those efforts are in two areas, he said: limiting the impacts of the current downturn, and taking steps to protect housing and credit markets in the future by tightening regulations.

To limit the impact of the current downturn, the administration's FHASecure program allows some homeowners who are already in default to refinance into loans guaranteed by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA). HUD Secretary Alphonso Jackson said today that FHA has received 118,000 refinance applications since the program was announced in September, and that 35,000 homeowners have already refinanced into FHA-backed loans.

Jackson said FHA expects to process another 50,000 refinance loans by the end of the year, and that a pending bill to lower FHA down payment requirements, allow it to insure larger mortgages, and expand "risk-based" pricing, would allow FHA to back an additional 250,000 loans by the end of 2008. All told, Jackson said, FHA may be able to guarantee up to 800,000 loans in fiscal year 2008.

On the regulatory front, President Bush said at a press conference today that the Federal Reserve will announce stronger lending standards later this month. HUD and federal banking regulators, Bush said, are taking steps to improve disclosure requirements.

Bush chastised Congress for failing to pass an FHA modernization bill or legislation to reform oversight of the government-sponsored enterprises Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae.

Paulson and James Lockhart, director of the Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight (OFHEO), echoed the president's call for a GSE modernization bill.

Lockhart said Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac "have played an extremely important role in supporting the mortgage market as all the problems erupted this summer," growing their market share of all new mortgages to more than 60 percent, up from 38 percent last year.

Although the House passed a GSE reform bill in May, there is disagreement in the Senate over limits on Fannie and Freddie's loan portfolios and whether to raise the $417,000 conforming loan limit.

Overextended Loans

So many loans in the past few years have been granted to what are called subprime or alt-a loans. Loans where people of not so solid or even worse, not so worthy credit are given loans at much higher rates overextending many people who have no business being in the financual risjky situation they were put in (or put themselves in).

These types of loans put not only those who took out the loans at risk, but the entire national real estate market.

If these loans start causing an increase in the already accelerated foreclosures we are seeing in some areas (including Illinois) then this trickle affect could create a spiral downward in the real estate industry.

Every financial reporter and news outlet has for a month been all over the demise of the subprime mortgage, the accent on foreclosures. In the mortgage market, everybody has been blaming everybody: it's only the 2006 originations, it's only the bad actors ... big guys stuffing faulty paper back down the throats of little guys until they fold, giant guys taking big losses (HSBC $10 billion so far), but not giant losses.

As of Friday there are not enough buyers of subprime risk to cover loans recently closed or in process. In panicky conditions, no buyers at any price. Subprime loans this week from time to time may be unobtainable until their rates move high enough and credit standards tighten enough. Trash, like other things, rolls downhill: Alt-A loans are closer to junk than trash, but high loan-to-value-ratio Alt-A loans are still trash. By next week there will be few buyers of Alt-A risk, and that market may lock up just like subprime.

A sudden withdrawal of mortgage credit is a new hazard to vulnerable housing markets, but I think (hope) the damage will no more than prolong the correction. One leading reason: the price of good, mainstream loans may well improve in this rapidly flapping flight to quality.

Here is a WSJ article discussing the topic:

Mortgage Defaults Spread,Snagging More Borrowers

By Ruth Simon and James R. Hagerty From The Wall Street Journal Online

The mortgage market has been roiled by a sharp increase in bad loans made to borrowers with weak credit. Now there are signs that the pain is spreading upward.
At issue are mortgages made to people who fall in the gray area between "prime" (borrowers considered the best credit risks) and "subprime" (borrowers considered the greatest credit risks). A record $400 billion of these midlevel loans -- which are known in the industry as "Alt-A" mortgages -- were originated last year, up from $85 billion in 2003, according to Inside Mortgage Finance, a trade publication. Alt-A loans accounted for roughly 16% of mortgage originations last year and subprime loans an additional 24%.

The catch-all Alt-A category includes many of the innovative products that helped fuel the housing boom, such as mortgages that carry little, if any, documentation of income or assets, and so-called option adjustable-rate mortgages, which give borrowers multiple payment choices but can lead to a rising loan balance. Loans taken by investors buying homes they don't plan to occupy themselves can also fall into the Alt-A category.

Borrowers who take out Alt-A mortgages are considered less risky than subprime borrowers because of their higher credit scores. But as the housing market cooled and loan volume declined, some lenders lowered their standards for Alt-As. Now a rising number of borrowers who took out these loans are running into trouble.

Data from UBS AG show that the default rate for Alt-A mortgages has doubled in the past 14 months. "The credit deterioration has been almost parallel to what's been happening in the subprime market," says UBS mortgage analyst David Liu. The UBS report contrasts with testimony Federal Reserve Board Chairman Ben Bernanke gave to Congress yesterday. "Our assessment is that there's not much indication that subprime issues have spread into the broader mortgage market," Mr. Bernanke said.

To be sure, defaults have remained very low in the prime market -- and despite the uptick in bad loans, the problems in the Alt-A sector aren't as severe as those that have roiled the subprime market. Some 2.4% of Alt-A loans are at least 60 days past due, according to UBS, which looked at mortgages that were packaged into securities and sold to investors. That is well below the 10.5% delinquency rate for subprime mortgages. (During the housing boom, delinquencies were low for all types of loans because borrowers who wound up in trouble could refinance or sell.)

Some borrowers who took out Alt-A loans in recent years are starting to feel the strain. Johnny and Shirley Johnson, retirees in Cleveland, took out an option ARM when they refinanced their $92,700 mortgage in July 2005. The loan carried a 3.5% introductory rate that began moving upward a few months later. The couple, who live on a fixed income, are currently making the minimum payment on their loan. But they are afraid they won't be able to keep up with their loan and other debts once their monthly mortgage payment adjusts upward later this year.

"We don't want to lose our home," says Ms. Johnson. The couple is working with Acorn Housing Corp., a nonprofit group that provides housing counseling, in an effort to refinance into a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage. Though the monthly payment would be higher, the new loan would protect them against future increases.

Housing counselors and bankruptcy attorneys say they are seeing an increase in troubled borrowers who previously had good credit. "We have clients with 720-plus credit scores, and they are in awful products," says Jennifer Harris, executive director of the Home Loan Counseling Center in Sacramento, Calif. Some of these borrowers took out option ARMs with low introductory rates and are likely to fall behind when their monthly payment resets at a higher level, she says.

Thomas Gorman, a bankruptcy attorney in Alexandria, Va., says he is seeing more financially strapped borrowers who "probably bought more house than they could afford and then took on more credit-card debt" to furnish the house and pay for the move. When the housing market cooled, they were "caught in the middle," unable to sell their home or refinance and make their debt load more manageable.

Lenders are also tightening their standards. At a meeting with investors last week, IndyMac Bancorp Inc., the nation's largest Alt-A lender, said it had raised the minimum credit score at which borrowers could finance 100% of a home's value and took a number of other steps to tighten lending guidelines.

This week Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc.'s Aurora Loan Services unit raised the minimum credit score and reduced the maximum amount homeowners could borrower without documenting their income and assets.

Impac Mortgage Holdings Inc., which specializes in Alt-A loans, said recently that it had tightened its lending standards 17 times last year. The company cut back on riskier loans and began relying more on analytical tools to verify a borrower's income and creditworthiness. Other lenders were quick to scoop up many of those loans, but now they are also pulling back, says Impac President Bill Ashmore.

Lou Barnes, a mortgage banker in Boulder, Colo., says a client with a good credit score was turned down this week for a mortgage to buy an investment property with a small down payment and no documentation. That same borrower was approved for a "nearly identical" loan in August and November, he says. Still, Mr. Barnes calls the tightening "modest." Alt-A lenders are "nibbling at the edges," he says.

The UBS study found that the problems are greatest for Alt-A borrowers who took out interest-only adjustable-rate mortgages, which allow borrowers to pay interest and no principal in the loan's early years, with 3.71% of interest-only ARMs originated in 2006 at least 60 days past due. As in the subprime sector, the riskiest loans are those made to home buyers who put little, if any, money down and don't document their income or assets.

As delinquencies rise, some investors who bought lower-rated securities backed by these mortgages are likely to face losses, according to Mr. Liu of UBS. While defaults are expected to be lower than in the subprime sector, so are the reserves set aside to cushion bond investors
against such losses.

Defaults are much lower for option ARMs. But the problems with these loans could be "backloaded," says Mr. Liu, because borrowers with these loans are still making the minimum payment.

Glenn Costello, a managing director at Fitch Ratings Inc. in New York, expects the foreclosure rate for Alt-A loans to ultimately be only 10% to 20% of the rate for subprime borrowers.
Yet investor concerns about Alt-A loans are rising, according to Walter N. Schmidt, a mortgage investment strategist at FTN Financial Capital Markets in Chicago. A report from mortgage analysts at Barclays Capital in New York this week pointed to fraud as one reason for early defaults on Alt-A loans. The mortgage industry is battling a rash of cases in which borrowers, loan officers and appraisers collude in providing false information to induce lenders to advance more money than homes are worth.

Loan Refinance Changes

Refinancing Adjustable-Rate Loans Becomes Harder for Borrowers

By Ruth Simon
From The Wall Street Journal Online

With rates on many homeowners' adjustable-rate mortgages rising, some who would like to refinance into a new loan are finding they can't.

In some cases, that is because their loan carries a prepayment penalty, which would force them to come up with thousands of dollars if they refinance in the first few years. Such penalties are common with so-called option adjustable-rate mortgages, which typically carry a low teaser rate that rises sharply after an introductory period.

Other borrowers are getting caught short by a changing housing market -- one in which home prices have flattened and lenders are beginning to tighten their standards after a long period of making mortgages easier and easier to get. The challenges are greatest for homeowners whose credit has declined since they took out their last loan and for those who have little if any equity. Some of these borrowers are still able to refinance but are finding it more costly than they expected.

These new challenges come at a time when many borrowers who took out adjustable-rate mortgages are facing higher payments. There are about $1.1 trillion to $1.5 trillion in ARMs that will face rate increases this year, according to the Mortgage Bankers Association. The MBA expects borrowers to refinance as much as $700 billion of those mortgages.
"The decrease in property values, combined with prepayment penalties, is making it very challenging for people to get out of these loans," says Ed Shanks, an executive vice president with U.S. Bank Home Mortgage, a unit of U.S. Bancorp. U.S. Bank is seeing more loans fall through, particularly in markets such as Arizona, California, Colorado and Ohio, where home values have softened. It could be "the tip of the iceberg," Mr. Shanks says.

In recent years, many homeowners refinanced repeatedly -- to get a better rate, lower their payment, consolidate debt or pull out cash. Even now, mortgage rates remain relatively attractive, though they have moved up from their recent lows in early December, and most borrowers still should be able to take advantage of them. The challenges for homeowners could increase if lenders continue to tighten standards and the housing market remains soft.
Antonio Papa, a construction worker, took out an option ARM with a 1% introductory rate in 2005 on a second home he owns in Jupiter, Fla. The rate jumped to 5.6% in September 2005 and has since climbed to 7.5%. "I was looking to refinance to have more stability," he says. He has decided to hold off because his option ARM carries a prepayment penalty that would force him to pay six months' of interest if he refinances within the first three years. Mortgage brokers often receive higher payouts for putting borrowers into a loan with a prepayment penalty, says Sandra Barrett, a loan officer in Palm Beach Gardens, Fla., who was working with Mr. Papa.Prepayment penalties are most common with option ARMs and loans made to borrowers with scuffed credit. Some 84% of option ARM loans made last year carried a prepayment penalty, according to an analysis by UBS AG that looked at mortgages that were packaged into securities and sold to investors.

The challenges facing borrowers are becoming more apparent at a time when opportunities for refinancing are narrowing. Rates on 30-year fixed-rate mortgages dropped to their lowest levels in 14 months in December, but have recently drifted higher. Rates on 30-year fixed-rate loans currently average 6.45%, according to HSH Associates in Pompton Plains, N.J., up from 6.16% in early December.

"The best deals in going from an ARM to a fixed-rate are passing," says Doug Duncan, chief economist at the Mortgage Bankers Association. "If anything, rates are likely to move up rather than down."

Meanwhile, there are signs that some lenders are beginning to tighten their standards. The shift comes after a long period of liberal lending practices that made it easy for borrowers to finance 100% of a home's value or get a mortgage without documenting their income and assets.
In a survey released Monday by the Federal Reserve Board, roughly 15% of domestic banks reported that they had tightened credit standards on residential mortgage loans in the past three months, the highest share since the early 1990s.

This month, Wells Fargo & Co. will begin reducing by 5% the maximum amount it will lend to certain riskier borrowers in "declining" markets. Those markets, covering more than 150 counties in two dozen states, include parts of California, Florida, Michigan and Ohio.

The change "reflects the tighter requirements of our investors," a Wells spokesman says. "I think all lenders are experiencing this kind of tightening of credit standards." Investors who buy mortgage-backed securities have been growing more concerned about credit quality as defaults have increased.

CitiMortgage, a unit of Citigroup Inc., last month began requiring that borrowers who take out a "stated-income" loan sign an affidavit attesting to the fact that information about their income in the application is accurate and hasn't been modified by their mortgage broker or loan officer. The change is designed "to protect the borrower as well as the lender," because borrowers may have trouble repaying the loan if their income is overstated, a company spokesman says.
On Jan. 30, Fannie Mae, the government-sponsored mortgage finance company, tightened its standards for so-called interest-only loans, which let borrowers pay interest and no principal in the loan's early years.

Other homeowners are being flummoxed by lower appraisals. Those most likely to be affected bought a home or refinanced in the past year or two and have little, if any, equity. "The block to refinancing is mainly located in those areas of the U.S. where there is little or no appreciation," says Peter Lansing, a mortgage banker in Denver.

Michelle Thompson, a medical-claims associate in North Glenn, Colo., pulled out $30,000 when she refinanced her mortgage last year, boosting her loan to $183,000. She would like to refinance again in order to lower her monthly payment, but when she went to apply for a new loan, she discovered that her mortgage debt exceeded the home's value.
Some borrowers are trying novel strategies. Charlotte Keyes, a program/project manager in Shawnee, Kan., refinanced her mortgage two years ago, pulling out $32,000 to consolidate her debt. With the rate on her loan set to rise to roughly 10%, Ms. Keyes is looking to refinance. Because she owes more than the home is worth, she plans on taking out a $13,000 auto loan and using the funds to pay down her mortgage.
With ARMs, "the tag line you always hear...is you can refinance with no problem," says A.W. Pickel, a mortgage banker with LeaderOne Financial Corp. in Overland Park, Kan., who is working with Ms. Keyes. "But it is a problem." The appraisal for Ms. Keyes's last loan was inflated, he adds.

Mitch Ohlbaum, a mortgage broker in Los Angeles, says some of his customers have had to tap the equity on their primary homes in order to pay down a portion of the debt on an investment property and be approved for a refinancing. Other borrowers have had to take a mortgage with a higher interest rate because their high debt load makes them a less attractive borrower.
Some borrowers facing prepayment penalties are sitting on the sidelines for now. David Lorentz, a high-school teacher in San Francisco, recently tried to refinance the option ARM on a four-unit apartment building he owns as an investment. He wanted to pull out cash to pay for renovations and college tuition for his children, but found he would have to pay an $18,000 prepayment penalty. "I guess I didn't get a good loan," says Mr. Lorentz, who plans to refinance in August when the penalty period expires.

Rates Up a Bit Last Night

30-year fixed rate at 5.8%; 10-year Treasury yield at 4.78%

Monday, February 12, 2007 Inman News

Long-term mortgage interest rates moved higher Friday, and the benchmark 10-year Treasury bond yield climbed to 4.78 percent.
The 30-year fixed-rate average rose to 5.8 percent, and the 15-year fixed rate inched up to 5.58 percent. The 1-year adjustable held at 5.38 percent.
The 30-year Treasury bond yield increased to 4.86 percent.
Rates are current as of 7:15 p.m. Eastern Standard Time.
Mortgage rate figures are according to Bankrate.com, which publishes nightly averages based on its survey of 4,000 banks in 50 states. Points on these mortgages range from zero to 3.5.
In other economic news, the Dow Jones Industrial Average lost 56.8 points, or 0.45 percent, finishing at 12,580.83. The Nasdaq was down 28.85 points, or 1.16 percent, closing at 2,459.82.
Stock and bond figures are current as of 7:30 p.m. Eastern Standard Time.